Includes bibliographical references and index.

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Why C₄ photosynthesis? / Rowan F. Sage -- C₄ photosynthesis : a historical overview / Marshall D. Hatch -- The biochemistry of C₄ photosynthesis / Ryuzi Kanai and Gerald E. Edwards -- Regulation of the C₄ pathway / Richard C. Leegood and Robert P. Walker -- Leaf structure and development in C₄ plants / Nancy G. Dengler and Timothy Nelson -- Modeling C₄ photosynthesis / Susanne von Caemmerer and Robert T. Furbank -- Environmental responses / Steve P. Long -- Success of C₄ photosynthesis in the field : lessons from communities dominated by C₄ plants / Alan K. Knapp and Ernesto Medina -- C₄ plants and herbivory / Scott A. Heckathorn, Samuel J. McNaughton and James S. Coleman -- The biogeography of C₄ photosynthesis : patterns and controlling factors / Rowan F. Sage, David A. Wedin and Meirong Li -- The origins of C₄ genes and evolutionary pattern in the C₄ metabolic phenotype / Russell K. Monson -- Phylogenetic aspects of the evolution of C₄ photosynthesis / Elizabeth A. Kellogg -- Paleorecords of C₄ plants and ecosystems / Thure E. Cerling -- Agronomic implications of C₄ photosynthesis / R. Harold Brown -- C₄ plants and the development of human societies / Nikolaas J. van der Merwe and Hartmut Tschauner -- The taxonomic distribution of C₄ photosynthesis / Rowan F. Sage, Meirong Li and Russell K. Monson.

Due to many issues related to long-term carbon dynamics, an improved understanding of the biology of C4 photosynthesis is required by more than the traditional audience of crop scientists, plant physiologists, and plant ecologists. This work synthesizes the latest developments in C4 biochemistry, physiology, systematics, and ecology. The book concludes with chapters discussing the role of C4 plants in the future development of the biosphere, particularly their interactive effects on soil, hydrological, and atmospheric processes.

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