Residential, commercial and industrial electrical systems - Volume 3 [electronic resource] : protection, testing and commisioning / by Hemant Joshi.

By: Contributor(s): Publication details: New York, N.Y. : McGraw-Hill Education LLC., c2008.Description: 3 v. : ill., figs., tablesISBN:
  • 9780070620964 (v. 1)
  • 0070620962 (v. 1)
  • 9780070620971 (v. 2)
  • 0070620970 (v. 2)
  • 9780070620988 (v. 3)
  • 0070620989 (v. 3)
Subject(s): Genre/Form: DDC classification:
  • 621.31/J78  23
LOC classification:
  • TK1005 2008
Online resources: Available additional physical forms:
  • Also issued in online version.
Contents:
A. Dedication -- B. Preface -- C. Acknowledgements -- A. Part i: earthing -- 1. Earthing systems and principles -- General -- Unearthed system -- Solidly earthed system -- Resistance earthed system -- Neutral earthing resistors (ner) -- Reactance earthed system -- Earthing (grounding) transformer -- Distribution transformer earthed system -- Potential transformer earthed system -- Selection of type of earthed system -- Electrocution -- Human body and electricity -- Soil resistivity -- Components of an earthing system -- Earth electrodes -- Earth bars -- Special unit -- Earth conductor -- Earth continuity conductor (ecc) -- Earth fault loop impedance -- Example of earth fault loop impedance calculations -- Material used in earthing systems -- Joints -- 2. Earthing of equipment in distribution system -- General -- Earthing system resistance -- Number and type of electrodes -- Typical earthing system -- Earthing of individual equipment -- Earth leakage circuit breaker (elcb) or residual current device (rcd) -- Cathodic protection -- Earthing for static electricity -- 3. Outdoor switchyard earthing -- General -- Fence -- Configuration of an earthing system -- Earthing of outdoor switchyard equipment -- Pole mounted sub-station -- Permissible step potential -- Permissible touch potential -- Transferred potential -- Design of grounding grid -- Resistance of outdoor switchyard earthing system -- Ground potential rise (gpr or epr) -- Grid conductor size and earthing conductor size -- B. Part ii: lightning and over voltage protection -- 4. Lightning protection of buildings and structures -- General -- Requirement for protection -- Identification of strike points -- Types of lightning protection systems -- Conventional system -- System using building elements -- Non-conventional system -- Applications of protection systems -- 5. Lightning protection of outdoor switchyard and lines -- General -- Protection against direct strikes -- Protection against travelling surge -- The rod gap -- Lightning arrester -- Selection of arrester -- Protection margin -- Locations -- 6. Over voltage protection of equipment -- General -- Power frequency over voltage and protection -- Switching surge over voltage and protection -- Lightning surge protection of high-voltage equipment -- Lightning surge over voltage and protection for low-voltage equipment -- Shunt spd -- Series spd -- Selection of spd.
C. Part iii: harmonic and interference -- 7. Harmonics -- General -- Harmonics generated by non-linear loads -- Single-phase non-linear load -- Single-phase non-linear load in single-phase system -- Single-phase non-linear loads in three-phase system -- Three-phase non-linear loads -- Harmonics produced by different equipment -- Harmonics in customer's system -- Relation between harmonic voltage and current -- Total rms current and neutral current -- Estimation of harmonics -- Effects of harmonics -- Total harmonic distortion -- Effect of harmonics on individual equipment -- Capacitors -- Harmonic reduction -- Industrial systems -- Residential systems -- Commercial systems -- 8. Electromagnetic interference and induction -- General -- High frequency interference -- Low frequency interference -- Calculation of magnetic field -- Interference with extra low-voltage circuits -- Load balancing and harmonics -- Interference with communication circuits -- Effect on human beings -- D. Part iv: protection relaying -- 9. Fault level calculations -- General -- Generation conditions -- Operating conditions -- Significance of maximum and minimum fault levels -- Type of faults -- Effect of load current -- Motor contribution -- Base mva and percentage reactance -- Fault level, base mva and percentage reactance -- Ohmic values -- Symmetrical components -- Sequence impedances -- Three-phase cable -- Three-phase overhead line -- Three-phase transformer -- Generators and motors -- System x/r ratio -- Sequence networks -- Fault impedance -- Power company system representation -- Three-phase fault level calculations in a low-voltage system -- Single-phase to earth fault level calculation—low-voltage system -- Three-phase fault level calculation for a high-voltage system -- Single-phase to earth fault level calculations for a high-voltage system -- 10. Protection relaying -- General -- Basic selection criteria -- Type of protective devices -- Non-directional over current (50/51) and earth fault relay (50n/51n) -- Directional over current and earth fault relay (67 and 67n) -- Sensitive earth fault relay (51n) -- Earth fault indicators -- Pilot wire differential relay (87) -- Transformer differential relay (87t) -- Restricted earth fault relay (64) -- Generator differential relay (87g) -- Reverse power relay (32) -- Negative sequence relay (46) -- Stator earth fault relay (51n) -- Under voltage relay (27) -- Over-voltage relay (29) -- Frequency relay (81) -- Check synchronising relay (25) -- Voltage regulator relay (90) -- Thermal over load relay (49) -- Single-phase preventer relay -- Over fluxing relay -- No voltage relay -- Multi-function relay -- Motor protection relay -- Generator protection relay -- Bus zone differential relay -- Protection of sub-circuit cable -- Protection of sub-main cable -- Protection of mains cable and bus duct between distribution transformer and low-voltage switchboard -- Protection of low-voltage motor upto and including 55 kw -- Protection of low-voltage motors above 55 kw and up to 200 kw -- Protection of low-voltage overhead line -- Protection of low-voltage capacitors -- Protection of diesel/gas engine set -- Protection of distribution transformer -- Protection of generator transformer -- Protection of high-voltage capacitors -- Protection of high-voltage motor -- Protection of power transformer -- Protection of high-voltage line in a radial network -- Protection of high-voltage line in a ring main network -- Protection of parallel high-voltage lines -- Protection of bus bars in outdoor switchyard -- Bus coupler breaker within a switchboard -- Variable speed drives -- Protection coordination -- E. Part v: testing and handover -- 11. Factory testing -- General -- Type tests -- Routine tests -- 12. Labels and signs -- General -- Electrical room -- Major equipment -- Components -- Cables -- Light switches and socket outlets -- Local control station for motors -- Wiring and terminations within switchboards and control panels -- Cable ladders and trays -- 13. Site testing and commissioning -- General -- Test rules -- Safety -- Pre-testing checks -- Commonly used test equipment -- Common tests -- High-voltage outdoor circuit breaker -- Hv switchboard -- High-voltage isolator (indoor and outdoor) -- Current transformers (indoor and outdoor) -- Voltage transformers (indoor and outdoor) -- Protection relays -- Over current non-directional relay -- Directional over current relay -- Voltage relay -- Frequency relay -- Check synchronising relay -- Transformer differential relay -- Transformer restricted earth fault relay -- Pilot wire differential protection relay -- Generator and motor differential relay -- Negative phase sequence relay -- Reverse power relay -- Bus bar differential relay -- Electronic trip units on low-voltage circuit breakers -- Single-phase preventor -- Multi-function relays -- Indicating meters (low and high-voltage switchboards) -- Transformers -- Lightning arrester -- Neutral earthing resistor and switches (for generator earthing) -- Lv switchboard -- Power distribution and lighting boards -- Control panels -- Cables -- Bus-duct -- Capacitors -- Automatic power factor correction panel (apfcu) or system -- Uninterruptable power supplies -- Batteries and battery chargers -- Generators -- Motors -- Power outlets -- Luminaires -- Lighting control system -- Emergency lighting system -- Earthing -- 14. As-built documentation and training -- General -- As-built drawings -- Operation and maintenance manual -- Training.
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Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

A. Dedication -- B. Preface -- C. Acknowledgements -- A. Part i: earthing -- 1. Earthing systems and principles -- General -- Unearthed system -- Solidly earthed system -- Resistance earthed system -- Neutral earthing resistors (ner) -- Reactance earthed system -- Earthing (grounding) transformer -- Distribution transformer earthed system -- Potential transformer earthed system -- Selection of type of earthed system -- Electrocution -- Human body and electricity -- Soil resistivity -- Components of an earthing system -- Earth electrodes -- Earth bars -- Special unit -- Earth conductor -- Earth continuity conductor (ecc) -- Earth fault loop impedance -- Example of earth fault loop impedance calculations -- Material used in earthing systems -- Joints -- 2. Earthing of equipment in distribution system -- General -- Earthing system resistance -- Number and type of electrodes -- Typical earthing system -- Earthing of individual equipment -- Earth leakage circuit breaker (elcb) or residual current device (rcd) -- Cathodic protection -- Earthing for static electricity -- 3. Outdoor switchyard earthing -- General -- Fence -- Configuration of an earthing system -- Earthing of outdoor switchyard equipment -- Pole mounted sub-station -- Permissible step potential -- Permissible touch potential -- Transferred potential -- Design of grounding grid -- Resistance of outdoor switchyard earthing system -- Ground potential rise (gpr or epr) -- Grid conductor size and earthing conductor size -- B. Part ii: lightning and over voltage protection -- 4. Lightning protection of buildings and structures -- General -- Requirement for protection -- Identification of strike points -- Types of lightning protection systems -- Conventional system -- System using building elements -- Non-conventional system -- Applications of protection systems -- 5. Lightning protection of outdoor switchyard and lines -- General -- Protection against direct strikes -- Protection against travelling surge -- The rod gap -- Lightning arrester -- Selection of arrester -- Protection margin -- Locations -- 6. Over voltage protection of equipment -- General -- Power frequency over voltage and protection -- Switching surge over voltage and protection -- Lightning surge protection of high-voltage equipment -- Lightning surge over voltage and protection for low-voltage equipment -- Shunt spd -- Series spd -- Selection of spd.

C. Part iii: harmonic and interference -- 7. Harmonics -- General -- Harmonics generated by non-linear loads -- Single-phase non-linear load -- Single-phase non-linear load in single-phase system -- Single-phase non-linear loads in three-phase system -- Three-phase non-linear loads -- Harmonics produced by different equipment -- Harmonics in customer's system -- Relation between harmonic voltage and current -- Total rms current and neutral current -- Estimation of harmonics -- Effects of harmonics -- Total harmonic distortion -- Effect of harmonics on individual equipment -- Capacitors -- Harmonic reduction -- Industrial systems -- Residential systems -- Commercial systems -- 8. Electromagnetic interference and induction -- General -- High frequency interference -- Low frequency interference -- Calculation of magnetic field -- Interference with extra low-voltage circuits -- Load balancing and harmonics -- Interference with communication circuits -- Effect on human beings -- D. Part iv: protection relaying -- 9. Fault level calculations -- General -- Generation conditions -- Operating conditions -- Significance of maximum and minimum fault levels -- Type of faults -- Effect of load current -- Motor contribution -- Base mva and percentage reactance -- Fault level, base mva and percentage reactance -- Ohmic values -- Symmetrical components -- Sequence impedances -- Three-phase cable -- Three-phase overhead line -- Three-phase transformer -- Generators and motors -- System x/r ratio -- Sequence networks -- Fault impedance -- Power company system representation -- Three-phase fault level calculations in a low-voltage system -- Single-phase to earth fault level calculation—low-voltage system -- Three-phase fault level calculation for a high-voltage system -- Single-phase to earth fault level calculations for a high-voltage system -- 10. Protection relaying -- General -- Basic selection criteria -- Type of protective devices -- Non-directional over current (50/51) and earth fault relay (50n/51n) -- Directional over current and earth fault relay (67 and 67n) -- Sensitive earth fault relay (51n) -- Earth fault indicators -- Pilot wire differential relay (87) -- Transformer differential relay (87t) -- Restricted earth fault relay (64) -- Generator differential relay (87g) -- Reverse power relay (32) -- Negative sequence relay (46) -- Stator earth fault relay (51n) -- Under voltage relay (27) -- Over-voltage relay (29) -- Frequency relay (81) -- Check synchronising relay (25) -- Voltage regulator relay (90) -- Thermal over load relay (49) -- Single-phase preventer relay -- Over fluxing relay -- No voltage relay -- Multi-function relay -- Motor protection relay -- Generator protection relay -- Bus zone differential relay -- Protection of sub-circuit cable -- Protection of sub-main cable -- Protection of mains cable and bus duct between distribution transformer and low-voltage switchboard -- Protection of low-voltage motor upto and including 55 kw -- Protection of low-voltage motors above 55 kw and up to 200 kw -- Protection of low-voltage overhead line -- Protection of low-voltage capacitors -- Protection of diesel/gas engine set -- Protection of distribution transformer -- Protection of generator transformer -- Protection of high-voltage capacitors -- Protection of high-voltage motor -- Protection of power transformer -- Protection of high-voltage line in a radial network -- Protection of high-voltage line in a ring main network -- Protection of parallel high-voltage lines -- Protection of bus bars in outdoor switchyard -- Bus coupler breaker within a switchboard -- Variable speed drives -- Protection coordination -- E. Part v: testing and handover -- 11. Factory testing -- General -- Type tests -- Routine tests -- 12. Labels and signs -- General -- Electrical room -- Major equipment -- Components -- Cables -- Light switches and socket outlets -- Local control station for motors -- Wiring and terminations within switchboards and control panels -- Cable ladders and trays -- 13. Site testing and commissioning -- General -- Test rules -- Safety -- Pre-testing checks -- Commonly used test equipment -- Common tests -- High-voltage outdoor circuit breaker -- Hv switchboard -- High-voltage isolator (indoor and outdoor) -- Current transformers (indoor and outdoor) -- Voltage transformers (indoor and outdoor) -- Protection relays -- Over current non-directional relay -- Directional over current relay -- Voltage relay -- Frequency relay -- Check synchronising relay -- Transformer differential relay -- Transformer restricted earth fault relay -- Pilot wire differential protection relay -- Generator and motor differential relay -- Negative phase sequence relay -- Reverse power relay -- Bus bar differential relay -- Electronic trip units on low-voltage circuit breakers -- Single-phase preventor -- Multi-function relays -- Indicating meters (low and high-voltage switchboards) -- Transformers -- Lightning arrester -- Neutral earthing resistor and switches (for generator earthing) -- Lv switchboard -- Power distribution and lighting boards -- Control panels -- Cables -- Bus-duct -- Capacitors -- Automatic power factor correction panel (apfcu) or system -- Uninterruptable power supplies -- Batteries and battery chargers -- Generators -- Motors -- Power outlets -- Luminaires -- Lighting control system -- Emergency lighting system -- Earthing -- 14. As-built documentation and training -- General -- As-built drawings -- Operation and maintenance manual -- Training.

Also issued in online version.

Description based on cover image and table of contents, viewed on Jan. 20, 2015.

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