02638cam a2200445 i 4500 rnd000000000047684 RAND 920212s1990 cauab b 000 0 eng d 89070196 0833010239 RAND/R-3776-AF (Sirsi) a188895 $25.00 CstmoR CstmoR e-ur--- e-sw--- VA593 .M33 1990 McCormick, Gordon H. author. Stranger than fiction : Soviet submarine operations in Swedish waters / Gordon H. McCormick. Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 1990. xiii, 72 pages : illustrations, maps ; 23 cm text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia unmediated n rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier volume nc rdacarrier "January 1990." "Project Air Force"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72). The Soviets have conducted submarine operations in Swedish waters continuously since World War II. Although the evidence of these violations of Sweden's territorial waters is incomplete, Swedish authorities indicate that "foreign" submarine operations were carried out infrequently and at irregular intervals during the 1960s and into the late 1970s. The scope and character of Soviet operations in Sweden changed in or around 1980, however, becoming much more frequent, penetrating the heart of Sweden's coastal defense zones, and involving the use of multiple submarines, mini-submarines, and combat swimmers operating in a coordinated manner. This report examines the strange case of Soviet submarine operations in Swedish waters since 1980. It discusses the nature of these operations as well as related activities being carried out on Swedish soil, the political and strategic context within which these operations have evolved, the objectives that apparently underlie these activities, and the continuity in Soviet civil-military decisionmaking on the submarine question. Also available on the internet via WWW in PDF format. Description based on print version record. Submarine warfare. Submarines (Ships) Soviet Union. Soviet Union Military policy. Sweden Defenses. Sweden Strategic aspects. Project Air Force (U.S.). National Security Strategies Program. Rand Corporation. United States. Air Force. Online Access http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R3776/ 599872 599872