Twardowski and Polish Scientific Philosophy -- Polish Metaphysics and the Brentanian Tradition -- The Genesis and History of Twardowski’s Theory of Actions and Products -- The Rise and Development of Logical Semantics in Poland -- French and Polish Conventionalism -- Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics -- A Philosophy of Many-Valued Logic. The Third Logical Value and Beyond -- Le?niewski’s Systems and the Aristotelian Model of Science -- Le?niewski, Negation, and the Art of Logical Subtlety -- Philosophy of Mathematics in the Lvov-Warsaw School -- Tarski’s Engagement with Philosophy -- Tarski on Definition, Meaning and Truth -- Polish Philosophy of Mind -- A Note on Henryk Mehlberg’s Contribution to the Debate on the Mind-Body Problem -- Leopold Blaustein’s Analytical Phenomenology -- Around Twardowski’s School -- Nonclassical Conceptions of Truth in Polish Philosophy at the Beginning of the 20th Century -- Leon Chwistek’s Theory of Constructive Types -- Konstanty Michalski on Late Medieval Nominalism -- Jan Salamucha’s Analytical Thomism.

This volume portrays the Polish or Lvov-Warsaw School, one of the most influential schools in analytic philosophy, which, as discussed in the thorough introduction, presented an alternative "working" picture of the unity of science. The school was founded by a phenomenologist, Kazimierz Twardowski, who trained a team of researchers that included some of the most important logicians and philosophers of the history of analytical philosophy, such as Tarski, Lesniewski and Lukasiewicz. The Polish School represented some of the most important trends in philosophy -- aristotelism; the history and philosophy of science; linguistics; the philosophy of logic and mathematics -- and offered an opportunity for all these philosophical disciplines to interact in a natural and fruitful way.