1 New insight of peptide vaccination in cancer immunotherapy -- 2 The determinants of T cell function for effective anticancer vaccine -- 3 T cell fate in the tumor microenvironment -- 4 T cell receptor avidity and affinity and tumor specific TCR engineer -- 5 Host genetic variation and somatic alteration associated with favorable or compromised T cell function -- 6 Production of Clinical T Cell Therapies -- 7 Clinical success of adoptive cell transfer therapy using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.-8 Harnessing stem cell-like memory T cells for adoptive cell transfer therapy of cancer -- 9 T cell blockade- anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy against cancer and Abscopal effect in combination therapy -- 10 T cell modulation- anti-OD-1 antibodies for the treatment of cancer -- 11 T cell based therapies in combination with other procedures -- 12 Chimeric antigen receptor T cells CD19 CAR -- 13 Hematopoietic Stem Cell transplantation as immune therapy of malignancies.

This volume illustrates the salient aspects of cancer biology relevant to the successful implementation of immunotherapy. Topics include enhancement of antigen-specific immune responses by anti-cancer vaccines, modulation of the function of T cells within the tumor microenvironment, and the effects of genetic, epigenetic, developmental, and environmental determinants on T cell function. Other topics covered include the ex vivo expansion of T or other immune cells and their genetic modification or reprogramming to increase their ability to survive and expand when adoptively transferred back to the patients. Specific attention is devoted to the genetic manipulation of T cells through the introduction of re-directed T cell receptors, chimeric antibody receptors, and other genetic manipulation aimed at improving their effectiveness as anti-cancer agents. Furthermore, the revolutionary role of checkpoint inhibitors and their potential in combination with other immunotherapeutic approaches or with standard chemo and radiation therapy are extensively discussed.