Previous edition: 2008.

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 A Brief History of Process Intensification -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.Rotating boilers -- 1.2.1.The rotating boiler/turbine concept -- 1.2.2.NASA work on rotating boilers -- 1.3.The rotating heat pipe -- 1.3.1.Rotating air conditioning unit -- 1.4.The chemical process industry -- the process intensification breakthrough at ICI -- 1.5.Separators -- 1.5.1.The Podbielniak extractor -- 1.5.2.Centrifugal evaporators -- 1.5.3.The still of John Moss -- 1.5.4.Extraction research in Bulgaria -- 1.6.Reactors -- 1.6.1.Catalytic plate reactors -- 1.6.2.Polymerisation reactors -- 1.6.3.Rotating fluidised bed reactor -- 1.6.4.Reactors for space experiments -- 1.6.5.Towards perfect reactors -- 1.7.Non-chemical industry-related applications of rotating heat and mass transfer -- 1.7.1.Rotating heat transfer devices -- 1.8.Where are we today? -- 1.8.1.Clean technologies -- 1.8.2.Integration of process intensification and renewable energies -- 1.8.3.PI and carbon capture -- 1.9.Summary -- References -- ch. 2 Process Intensification -- An Overview -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.What is process intensification? -- 2.3.The original ICI PI strategy -- 2.4.The advantages of PI -- 2.4.1.Safety -- 2.4.2.The environment -- 2.4.3.Energy -- 2.4.4.The business process -- 2.5.Some obstacles to PI -- 2.6.A way forward -- 2.7.To whet the reader's appetite -- 2.8.Equipment summary -- finding your way around this book -- 2.9.Summary -- References -- ch. 3 The Mechanisms Involved in Process Intensification -- 3.1.Introduction -- 3.2.Intensified heat transfer -- the mechanisms involved -- 3.2.1.Classification of enhancement techniques -- 3.2.2.Passive enhancement techniques -- 3.2.3.Active enhancement methods -- 3.2.4.System impact of enhancement/intensification -- 3.3.Intensified mass transfer -- the mechanisms involved -- 3.3.1.Rotation -- 3.3.2.Vibration -- 3.3.3.Mixing -- 3.4.Electrically enhanced processes -- the mechanisms -- 3.5.Micro fluidics -- 3.5.1.Electrokinetics -- 3.5.2.Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) -- 3.5.3.Opto-micro-fluidics -- 3.6.Pressure -- 3.7.Summary -- References -- ch. 4 Compact and Micro-heat Exchangers -- 4.1.Introduction -- 4.2.Compact heat exchangers -- 4.2.1.The plate heat exchanger -- 4.2.2.Printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHE) -- 4.2.3.The Chart-flo heat exchanger -- 4.2.4.Polymer film heat exchanger -- 4.2.5.Foam heat exchangers -- 4.2.6.Mesh heat exchangers -- 4.3.Micro-heat exchangers -- 4.4.What about small channels? -- 4.5.Nano-fluids -- 4.6.Summary -- References -- ch. 5 Reactors -- 5.1.Reactor engineering theory -- 5.1.1.Reaction kinetics -- 5.1.2.Residence time distributions (RTDs) -- 5.1.3.Heat and mass transfer in reactors -- 5.2.Spinning disc reactors -- 5.2.1.Exploitation of centrifugal fields -- 5.2.2.The desktop continuous process -- 5.2.3.The spinning disc reactor -- 5.2.4.The Nusselt flow model -- 5.2.5.Mass transfer -- 5.2.6.Heat transfer -- 5.2.7.Film-flow instability -- 5.2.8.Film-flow studies -- 5.2.9.Heat/mass transfer performance -- 5.2.10.Spinning disc reactor applications -- 5.3.Other rotating reactors -- 5.3.1.Rotor stator reactors: the STT reactor -- 5.3.2.Taylor-Couette reactor -- 5.3.3.Rotating packed-bed reactors -- 5.4.Oscillatory baffled reactors (OBRs) -- 5.4.1.Gas-liquid systems -- 5.4.2.Liquid-liquid systems -- 5.4.3.Heat transfer -- 5.4.4.OBR design -- 5.4.5.Biological applications -- 5.4.6.Solids suspension -- 5.4.7.Crystallisation -- 5.4.8.Oscillatory mesoreactors: scaling OBRs down -- 5.4.9.Case study -- 5.5.Micro-reactors (including HEX-reactors) -- 5.5.1.The catalytic plate reactor (CPR) -- 5.5.2.HEX-reactors -- 5.5.3.The corning micro-structured reactor -- 5.5.4.Constant power reactors -- 5.6.Field-enhanced reactions/reactors -- 5.6.1.Induction-heated reactor -- 5.6.2.Sonochemical reactors -- 5.6.3.Microwave enhancement -- 5.6.4.Plasma reactors -- 5.6.5.Laser-induced reactions -- 5.7.Reactive separations -- 5.7.1.Reactive distillation -- 5.7.2.Reactive extraction -- 5.7.3.Reactive adsorption -- 5.8.Membrane reactors -- 5.8.1.Tubular membrane reactor -- 5.8.2.Membrane slurry reactor -- 5.8.3.Biological applications of membrane reactors -- 5.9.Supercritical operation -- 5.9.1.Applications -- 5.10.Miscellaneous intensified reactor types -- 5.10.1.The Torbed reactor -- 5.10.2.Catalytic reactive extruders -- 5.10.3.Heat pipe reactors -- 5.11.Summary -- References -- ch. 6 Intensification of Separation Processes -- 6.1.Introduction -- 6.2.Distillation -- 6.2.1.Distillation -- dividing wall columns -- 6.2.2.Compact heat exchangers inside the column -- 6.2.3.Cyclic distillation systems -- 6.2.4.HiGee -- 6.3.Centrifuges -- 6.3.1.Conventional types -- 6.3.2.The gas centrifuge -- 6.4.Membranes -- 6.5.Drying -- 6.5.1.Electric drying and dewatering methods -- 6.5.2.Membranes for dehydration -- 6.6.Precipitation and crystallisation -- 6.6.1.The environment for particle formation -- 6.6.2.The spinning cone -- 6.6.3.Electric fields to aid crystallisation of thin films -- 6.7.Mop fan/deduster -- 6.7.1.Description of the equipment -- 6.7.2.Capture mechanism/efficiency -- 6.7.3.Applications -- 6.8.Electrolysis -- 6.8.1.Introduction -- 6.8.2.The effect of microgravity -- 6.8.3.The effect of high gravity -- 6.8.4.Current supply -- 6.8.5.Rotary electrolysis cell design -- 6.8.6.The static cell tests -- 6.8.7.The rotary cell experiments -- 6.9.Summary -- References -- ch. 7 Intensified Mixing -- 7.1.Introduction -- 7.2.Inline mixers -- 7.2.1.Static mixers -- 7.2.2.Ejectors -- 7.2.3.Rotor stator mixers -- 7.3.Mixing on a spinning disc -- 7.4.Induction-heated mixer -- 7.5.Summary -- References -- ch. 8 Application Areas -- Petrochemicals and Fine Chemicals -- 8.1.Introduction -- 8.2.Refineries -- 8.2.1.Catalytic plate reactor opportunities -- 8.2.2.More speculative opportunities -- 8.3.Bulk chemicals -- 8.3.1.Stripping and gas clean-up -- 8.3.2.Intensified methane reforming -- 8.3.3.The hydrocarbon chain -- 8.3.4.Reactive distillations for methyl and ethyl acetate -- 8.3.5.Formaldehyde from methanol using micro-reactors -- 8.3.6.Hydrogen peroxide production -- the Degussa PI route -- 8.3.7.Olefin hydroformylation -- use of a HEX-reactor -- 8.3.8.Polymerisation -- the use of spinning disc reactors -- 8.3.9.Akzo Nobel Chemicals -- reactive distillation -- 8.3.10.The gas turbine reactor -- a challenge for bulk chemical manufacture -- 8.3.11.Other bulk chemical applications in the literature -- 8.4.Fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals -- 8.4.1.Penicillin extraction -- 8.4.2.AstraZeneca work on continuous reactors -- 8.4.3.Micro-reactor for barium sulphate production -- 8.4.4.Spinning disc reactor for barium carbonate production -- 8.4.5.Spinning disc reactor for producing a drug intermediate -- 8.4.6.SDR in the fragrance industry -- 8.4.7.A continuous flow microwave reactor for production -- 8.4.8.Ultrasound and the intensification of micro-encapsulation -- 8.4.9.Powder coating technology -- Akzo Nobel powder coatings Ltd -- 8.4.10.Chiral amines -- scaling up in the Coflore flow reactor -- 8.4.11.Plant-wide PI in pharmaceuticals -- 8.5.Bioprocessing or processing of bioderived feedstock -- 8.5.1.Transesterification of vegetable oils -- 8.5.2.Bioethanol to ethylene in a micro-reactor -- 8.5.3.Base chemicals produced from biomass -- 8.6.Intensified carbon capture -- 8.6.1.Introduction -- 8.6.2.Carbon capture methods -- 8.6.3.Intensification of post-combustion carbon capture -- 8.6.4.Intensification of carbon capture using other techniques -- 8.7.Further reading -- 8.8.Summary -- References -- ch. 9 Application Areas -- Offshore Processing -- 9.1.Introduction -- 9.2.Some offshore scenarios -- 9.2.1.A view from BP a decade ago -- 9.2.2.More recent observations -- those of ConocoPhillips -- 9.2.3.One 2007 scenario -- 9.3.Offshore on platforms or subsea -- 9.3.1.Setting the scene -- 9.3.2.Down hole heavy crude oil processing -- 9.3.3.Compact heat exchangers offshore (and onshore) -- 9.3.4.Extending the PCHE concept to reactors -- 9.3.5.HiGee for enhanced oil recovery -- surfactant synthesis -- 9.3.6.Deoxygenation using high gravity fields -- 9.3.7.RF heating to recover oil from shale -- 9.4.Floating production, storage and offloading systems (FPSO) activities -- 9.5.Safety offshore -- can PI help? -- 9.6.Summary -- References -- ch. 10 Application Areas -- Miscellaneous Process Industries -- 10.1.Introduction -- 10.2.The nuclear industry -- 10.2.1.Highly compact heat exchangers for reactors -- 10.2.2.Nuclear reprocessing -- 10.2.3.Uranium enrichment by centrifuge -- 10.3.The food and drink sector -- 10.3.1.Barrier to PI -- 10.3.2.Sector characteristics -- 10.3.3.Induction-heated mixers -- 10.3.4.Electric fields for drying and cooking -- 10.3.5.Spinning discs in the food sector -- 10.3.6.Deaeration systems for beverage packaging -- 10.3.7.Intensified refrigeration -- 10.3.8.Pursuit dynamics intensified mixing -- 10.3.9.The Torbed reactor in food processing -- 10.4.Textiles -- 10.4.1.Textile preparation -- 10.4.2.Textile finishing -- 10.4.3.Textile effluent treatment -- 10.4.4.Laundry processes -- 10.4.5.Leather production -- 10.5.The metallurgical and glass industries -- 10.5.1.The metallurgical sector -- 10.5.2.The glass and ceramics industry -- 10.6.Aerospace -- 10.7.Biotechnology -- 10.7.1.Biodiesel production -- 10.7.2.Waste/effluent treatment -- 10.8.Summary -- References -- ch. 11 Application Areas -- the Built Environment, Electronics, and the Home -- 11.1.Introduction -- 11.2.Refrigeration/heat pumping -- 11.2.1.The Rotex chiller/heat pump -- 11.2.2.Compact heat exchangers in heat pumps -- 11.2.3.Micro-refrigerator for chip cooling -- 11.2.4.Absorption and adsorption cycles -- 11.3.Power generation -- 11.3.1.Miniature fuel cells -- 11.3.2.Micro turbines -- 11.3.3.Batteries -- 11.3.4.Pumps -- 11.3.5.Energy scavenging -- 11.4.Microelectronics -- 11.4.1.Micro-fluidics -- 11.4.2.Micro-heat pipes -- electronics thermal control -- 11.5.Summary -- References --

Note continued: ch. 12 Specifying, Manufacturing and Operating PI Plant -- 12.1.Introduction -- 12.2.Various approaches to adopting PI -- 12.2.1.Process integration -- 12.2.2.Britest process innovation -- 12.2.3.Process analysis and development -- a German approach -- 12.3.Initial assessment -- 12.3.1.Know your current process -- 12.3.2.Identify process limiting factors -- 12.3.3.Some key questions to address -- 12.4.Equipment specification -- 12.4.1.Concerns about fouling -- 12.4.2.Factors affecting control and their relevance to PI plant -- 12.4.3.Try it out! -- 12.5.Installation features of PI plant -- 12.6.Pointers to the successful operation of PI plant -- 12.7.The systematic approach to selecting PI technology -- 12.7.1.A process intensification methodology -- 12.8.The ultimate goal -- whole plant intensification -- 12.9.Learning from experience -- 12.10.Summary -- References -- Appendix: Applications of the PI Methodology -- 12.11.1.Case Studies 1-4 -- Appendix 1 Abbreviations Used -- Appendix 2 Nomenclature -- Appendix 3 Equipment Suppliers -- Appendix 4 R&D Organisations, Consultants and Miscellaneous Groups Active in PI -- Appendix 5 A Selection of Other Useful Contact Points, Including Networks and Websites.

This book provides a practical working guide to understanding process intensification (PI) and developing successful PI solutions and applications in chemical process, civil, environmental, energy, pharmaceutical, biological, and biochemical systems.

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